ISO week calculation for all years 1-9999 without dependencies
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.fnISOWEEK ( @Year SMALLINT, @Month TINYINT, @Day TINYINT ) RETURNS TINYINT AS BEGIN RETURN ( SELECT CASE WHEN nextYearStart <= theDate THEN 0 WHEN currYearStart <= theDate THEN (theDate - currYearStart) / 7 ELSE (theDate - prevYearStart) / 7 END + 1 FROM ( SELECT (currJan4 - 365 - prevLeapYear) / 7 * 7 AS prevYearStart, currJan4 / 7 * 7 AS currYearStart, (currJan4 + 365 + currLeapYear) / 7 * 7 AS nextYearStart, CASE @Month WHEN 1 THEN @Day WHEN 2 THEN 31 + @Day WHEN 3 THEN 59 + @Day + currLeapYear WHEN 4 THEN 90 + @Day + currLeapYear WHEN 5 THEN 120 + @Day + currLeapYear WHEN 6 THEN 151 + @Day + currLeapYear WHEN 7 THEN 181 + @Day + currLeapYear WHEN 8 THEN 212 + @Day + currLeapYear WHEN 9 THEN 243 + @Day + currLeapYear WHEN 10 THEN 273 + @Day + currLeapYear WHEN 11 THEN 304 + @Day + currLeapYear WHEN 12 THEN 334 + @Day + currLeapYear END + currJan4 - 4 AS theDate FROM ( SELECT CASE WHEN (@Year - 1) % 400 = 0 THEN 1 WHEN (@Year - 1) % 100 = 0 THEN 0 WHEN (@Year - 1) % 4 = 0 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END AS prevLeapYear, CASE WHEN @Year % 400 = 0 THEN 1 WHEN @Year % 100 = 0 THEN 0 WHEN @Year % 4 = 0 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END AS currLeapYear, 365 * (@Year - 1) + (@Year - 1) / 400 - (@Year - 1) / 100 + (@Year - 1) / 4 + 3 AS currJan4 WHERE @Year BETWEEN 0 AND 9999 AND @Month BETWEEN 1 AND 12 AND @Day >= 1 AND 1 = CASE WHEN @Month IN (1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 10, 12) AND @Day <= 31 THEN 1 WHEN @Month IN (4, 6, 9, 11) AND @Day <= 30 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END ) AS d WHERE CASE WHEN currLeapYear = 1 AND @Day <= 29 THEN 1 WHEN @Day <= 28 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END = 1 ) AS d ) END